What are the two primary types of graffiti mentioned in the study of criminal behavior?

The two primary types of graffiti identified in the study of criminal behavior are gang-related graffiti and tagging. Gang graffiti serves as a means of territory marking, signaling the presence and dominance of a specific gang in a given area. It often includes symbols, names, and the insignia of the gang, and it can also serve to intimidate rivals or convey messages regarding gang activities.

Tagging, on the other hand, refers to the practice of writing one's "tag" or signature in public spaces. It is often associated with individual artists or those seeking recognition in the graffiti community rather than with organized criminal behavior. Tagging is primarily focused on self-expression and can be seen as a form of art, although it may still be considered vandalism when done without permission.

These two types highlight the motivations behind graffiti, whether they are driven by the need for identity and recognition or by markers of gang affiliation and control. Understanding these motivations is crucial in the context of criminal behavior studies, as they inform how law enforcement approaches graffiti as a potential indicator of gang activity or as a form of public expression.